The hottest modern logistics moves from informatiz

Modern logistics moves from informatization to knowledge management

by analyzing the impact and role of information management and knowledge management on logistics system, it shows that logistics informatization will move towards logistics knowledge management stage. Logistics enterprises integrate internal and external logistics resources through knowledge management, from "quantitative change" to "qualitative change", and enhance the intelligent function of logistics system. Finally, the article discusses the ways and methods of accelerating the realization of logistics knowledge management

1 value of logistics informatization

1.1 informatization logistics functions are integrated

logistics system is composed of transportation, storage, packaging, loading and unloading, handling, processing, distribution and other operation links (or logistics functions), which are interconnected to form the whole logistics system. Before the logistics informatization, even if the overall optimization of the system was considered from the concept, due to the backward means of information management, the slow speed and accuracy of information transmission, and the lack of sharing, the connection between various functions was uncoordinated or disjointed. The contradiction between transportation scale and inventory cost, the contradiction between distribution cost and customer service level, and the contradiction between transit transportation and handling are all problems that modern logistics systems often need to balance. To solve these contradictions, we need to use modern information technology to integrate the functions of the above logistics links. Joint transportation, joint distribution, delayed logistics, processing and distribution integration are all effective forms of logistics function integration

1.2 informatization enables the coordinated operation of all links in the supply chain

logistics informatization enables members in all links of logistics to realize real-time information sharing through logistics information network. Retailers at the sales terminal face consumers directly. They fully understand the needs of consumers and can record customer information in detail. With the help of logistics information network, manufacturers and distributors can almost share the market information obtained by retailers and the operating conditions of retailers at the same time, so as to quickly adjust their production and operation plans; Similarly, the logistics information network also enables the manufacturer's product adjustment and sales policies to be understood by other logistics members in a timely manner, which is also conducive to their timely adjustment of business strategies. Under this network condition of real-time response of logistics information, members of all links of logistics can support and cooperate with each other to adapt to the highly competitive market environment

bullwhip effect is caused by the lack of centralized control information, which increases the difference between production and final demand in the case of a long supply chain. Through the centralized control and information sharing of information, we can reduce the randomness and shorten the lead time, so as to reduce the bullwhip effect

1.3 informatization improves the space-time effect of logistics system

time effect and space effect are the two main functions of logistics system. Time effect refers to the elimination of the contradiction between production and consumption of goods in time through commodity inventory, so that production and consumption are consistent in time and space; Spatial effect refers to the elimination of the contradiction between commodity production and consumption in spatial location through transportation, distribution and other activities, so as to achieve the spatial consistency between production and consumption. Logistics informatization enables manufacturers and logistics providers to grasp the demand status of commodity demanders at any time by quickly and accurately transmitting logistics information. Manufacturers implement just in time production and logistics providers implement just in time distribution, which minimizes the inventory in the production place and circulation process, and shortens the distance between suppliers and manufacturers or consumers, Even achieve "zero inventory" or "zero distance", thereby reducing logistics costs

1.4 informatization improves the rapid response ability of logistics system

modern production system is based on orders, that is, it adopts customized production methods to meet the personalized needs of consumers. Moreover, to meet the personalized needs of consumers, we must respond quickly, which is not only the requirements of consumers, but also the needs of producers to reduce costs and form competitive advantages. The rapid response of the production system inevitably requires the logistics system to match it, that is, to respond quickly. Only logistics informatization can realize rapid response

relying on modern logistics technology and information management technology, Haier accepts orders from users on the e-commerce platform. Users design their own products according to the modules provided on. Haier adopts JIT Procurement, JIT distribution and JIT distribution to synchronize with the production process. Haier's procurement cycle is only 3 days. After the product is offline, it can be delivered within 8 hours in the central city, 24 hours in the radiation area, and 4 days nationwide. The whole process of completing the customer's order takes only 10 days

2 modern logistics based on knowledge management

informatization plays an important role in the development of logistics, but it cannot bring innovative value to the logistics system. Only knowledge management can have innovative functions and make the logistics system change qualitatively. Logistics informatization focuses on information technology, including the use of factory communication tools and skills learning and development techniques, and the collection, processing and transmission of information. The management object is mainly business information, that is, explicit knowledge. However, information management can only "make information the basis of action", and cannot make information become more effective behavior through the role of personal or organizational knowledge. After receiving the information, any employee must combine his own experience and lessons, and make behavioral decisions after thinking. For the same kind of information, different people make different decisions, and the degree of benefits is also different. It can be seen that what has a substantial impact on enterprise decision-making is invisible and intangible tacit knowledge such as people's experience, lessons and way of thinking, which cannot be collected by logistics informatization using information technology. At the same time, it is also difficult for logistics employees to use logistics information system to learn from and listen to the lessons learned by employees, and refer to the best practical experience and logistics professional knowledge for knowledge reuse and knowledge innovation. Therefore, in order to provide more valuable knowledge for logistics decision-making, improve the knowledge level of employees and business operation efficiency, enterprises must make full use of their own knowledge hidden in people's minds, not only to transmit it in the logistics system in a visible and standardized form, but also to play the role of their own knowledge to mine the hidden tacit knowledge in information. The transformation of this management concept requires the management object to shift from explicit knowledge (business information) to tacit knowledge (self knowledge), that is, to knowledge management

2.1 concept of knowledge management

about the definition of knowledge, management master Peter f.druker pointed out that "knowledge is an information that can change some people or things. This includes not only the way to make information the basis of action, but also the way to make a single individual (or institution) capable of changing or more effective behavior through the use of information". Another scholar, Churchman, believes that "the idea of knowledge as a collection of information has in fact stripped the concept of knowledge from its whole life; knowledge only exists in its users. It does not exist in the collection of information. The reaction of users to the collection of information is the most important". 【1】 From these two definitions, we can conclude that knowledge comes from information, but information must be combined with people's own knowledge and actual behavior to have the basis for extending to knowledge. The knowledge expressed by information is called explicit knowledge, and the self-knowledge existing in human brain is called tacit knowledge, including experience, lessons, skills, etc. At the same time, knowledge is also a form of dynamic existence, which is consistent with the interactivity of knowledge management mentioned below

as for the definition of knowledge management, according to Carl frapaul, one of the founders of Dell group in the United States, "knowledge management is to use collective wisdom to improve adaptability and innovation ability, and it is a new way for enterprises to realize the sharing of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge." Daniele.o'leary believes that "knowledge management is the process of transforming information from various sources available to organizations into knowledge and connecting knowledge with people. Knowledge management is the standardized management of knowledge, so as to facilitate the discovery, acquisition and reuse of knowledge". This explanation focuses on the different roles of information, knowledge and people in the process of knowledge management. 【1】 More specifically, knowledge management is to connect information, people and organizational activities, and use the wisdom of the group to innovate in the interaction process of the three, so as to win competitive advantage. Therefore, knowledge management is an extension of information management. It takes the development, collection, storage, integration and utilization of information resources as the premise, and uses the interactive activities of information, people and organizations to develop information resources into enterprise knowledge resources and realize the management activities of knowledge innovation

2.2 the logistics system of knowledge management is dominated by tacit knowledge

in knowledge management, human factors are an important part. From the previous description of knowledge and knowledge management, it can be seen that the characteristics of human factors in knowledge management are mainly reflected in two aspects: the tacit knowledge of human factors needs to be made explicit, and the subjective initiative of human factors is maximized

the tacit knowledge of human factors is people's own knowledge, including experience, lessons, skills, ways of thinking, etc. these knowledge can't be seen or touched. However, it is often these tacit knowledge that plays a decisive role in the decision-making of enterprise managers. Tacit knowledge is more effective and valuable for enterprise management and decision-making than explicit knowledge. The integration of knowledge management microcomputer control, all digital technology and graphic display technology provides more useful decision-making basis for enterprises by mining the tacit knowledge of human factors, transforming it into explicit knowledge, sharing and communicating with people

the implementation of knowledge management requires the active participation of human factors, which basically offsets the annual decline of domestic steel apparent consumption. Human subjective initiative is like the engine of a car in knowledge management, which is the driving force of knowledge management. Therefore, the successful application of knowledge management requires the maximum development of human factors